Joe Walton of 3M says choosing the correct film depends on how long the customer wants the film to stay on. (Image courtesy of 3M)
3M公司的乔·沃尔顿说，选择正确的标识薄膜取决于顾客希望标识薄膜能持续多长时间。（图片由3M提供）
In this feature, suppliers offer advice and tips for entering and expanding into the wall graphics market.
在这一功能中，供应商提供进入和扩展到墙壁图形市场的建议和提示。
A growing trend in retail stores, restaurants, offices and even in homes is the creative use of wall wraps and murals. For businesses, they’re a great way to promote sales and other important information to customers. On the flip side, wall murals are increasingly being used as an innovative tool for interior design.
在零售店、餐馆、办公室甚至家庭中，越来越多的趋势是创造性地使用墙纸和壁画。对于企业来说，它们是向客户推销销售和其他重要信息的好方法。另一方面，墙壁壁画越来越多地被用作室内设计的创新工具。
National Hellenic Museum Mural of Dr. King wrapped in Avery Dennison MPI 2611 wall film by GMediaWraps. (Image courtesy of Avery Dennison)
金博士的国家希腊博物馆壁画用埃弗里·丹尼森MPI2611墙纸膜包裹。（图片由艾弗里·丹尼森提供）
OneTen cycle image uses 3M Controltac Print Film 40C. (Image courtesy of 3M)
店铺促销展示图像使用3M ControlTac打印胶片40C。（图片由3M提供）
Wall graphics at Cal State Fullerton Titan Stadium printed on Arlon DPF 6700 and wrapped by Superior Sign & Graphics. (Image Courtesy of Superior Signs & Graphics and Arlon Graphics)
加州富勒顿泰坦体育场的墙壁图案印刷在Arlon DPF 6700上，由卓越的标识和图案包裹。（图片由高级标识和图形以及Arlon图形提供）
Fullerton, California-based Gamut Media used its Roland arsenal on these wall wraps they designed/installed for the Los Angeles “compound” of famed rap music artist, Snoop Dogg. (Image courtesy of Roland DGA)
加利福尼亚州富勒顿的色域介质公司在为洛杉矶著名的说唱音乐艺术家史努普·道格设计/安装的墙纸上使用了罗兰·阿森纳。（图片由Roland DGA提供）
ISA tradeshow graphics printed on Avery Dennison MPI 2600 textured wall film. (Image courtesy of Avery Dennison)
在艾弗里·丹尼森MPI 2600纹理墙纸上印刷的ISA贸易展览图形。（图片由艾弗里·丹尼森提供）
Daniel Valade of Roland says integrated print/cut capabilities, like those offered within Roland’s TrueVIS series, offer greater versatility, allowing users to handle a wider variety of jobs. (Image courtesy of Roland DGA)
罗兰的丹尼尔·瓦拉德说，与罗兰 Truevis系列中提供的功能一样，集成的打印/剪切功能提供了更大的通用性，允许用户处理更广泛的工作。（图片由Roland DGA提供）
The adhesive used on wall graphics like these is strong enough to ensure they will stick well but can be easily removed without causing any damage to the wall or leaving behind any glue residue. That makes wall graphics a great option for both long-term and short-term use. Businesses can install them to advertise a sale and remove them without fear of damaging walls when the sale is over. Or if you’re using them to decorate a home; clients can decide if they’d like a different design from time to time without damaging walls as well.
像这样的墙面图案上使用的粘合剂足够牢固，可以确保它们粘得很好，但是可以很容易地去除，不会对墙面造成任何损坏或留下任何胶水残留物。这使得墙壁图形成为长期和短期使用的绝佳选择。企业可以安装它们来为销售做广告，并在销售结束后移除它们，而不用担心损坏墙壁。或者，如果你用它们来装饰一个家，客户可以决定他们是否需要一个不同的设计，而不损坏墙壁。
Getting into this market requires an investment in some new equipment, some education in wall prep, material choices and application techniques as well as asking the right questions.
进入这个市场需要投资一些新的设备，一些墙壁准备的工作，材料选择和应用技术，以及提出正确的问题。
Getting Started
入门
Joe Walton, Senior Application Engineer for 3M Commercial Solutions Division, St. Paul, Minnesota, says that producing wall graphics and other wraps could require purchasing some new equipment such as a printer, laminator and finishing tools.
明尼苏达州圣保罗3M商业解决方案部门的高级应用工程师乔沃尔顿说，生产墙壁图形和其他包装可能需要购买一些新设备，如打印机、层压机和精加工工具。
“There are many options o
n the market, so it’s important to figure out which option makes the most sense for your shop based on the kinds of projects you will be working on,” Walton says. “For those who want to learn more about the industry and what’s available, trade shows are a great resource. These expos are intended for graphics manufacturers, installers and sign makers — both small and large. Walking the floor at trade shows is a great way to learn about the capabilities of new printers, profiles, laminators, finishing, tools, etc., for any budget.”
乔沃尔顿说：“市场上有很多选择，因此，根据你将从事的项目种类，找出哪种选择对你的商店最有意义是很重要的。”“对于那些想进一步了解这个行业和现有情况的人来说，贸易展是一个很好的资源。这些展览是为图形制造商，安装者和标识制造商搭建的一个平台，无论你的企业大或者小，在贸易展上走来走去是了解新打印机、配置文件、层压机、表面处理、工具等在任何预算中的功能的一个很好的方法。”
What skills do you need to master?
你需要掌握什么技能？
Walton says that technical colleges offer great desktop publishing and digital design classes. “Right now, there is great demand in the industry for talented designers and installers. Anyone starting in this field should consider taking digital design courses, as well as installation classes. 3M offers installation training – both in class and hands on. We provide a three-day advanced training course where someone with no previous experience can come to one of our five authorized facilities across the U.S. for expert hands-on instruction. To be successful in this industry, it’s all about knowledge.”
沃尔顿说，技术学院提供优秀的桌面出版和数字设计课程。“目前，业内对优秀的设计师和安装人员有着巨大的需求。从这个领域开始的任何人都应该考虑参加数字设计课程和安装课程。3M提供安装培训，包括课堂和实践。我们提供为期三天的高级培训课程，没有经验的人可以到我们在美国的五个授权机构中的一个进行专家实践指导。要想在这个行业取得成功，关键在于知识。”
Ryan Allen, Regional Technical Specialist at Avery Dennison , Mentor, Ohio, explains that alignment is everything when you’re installing film on walls. “The first panel needs to be perfect and straight for all other panels to align to. Included in the planning process are proficient math skills, calculating square footage correctly will ensure full coverage of the graphic or design. Your panels have to line up with a good seam usually around a half inch. A good overlap gives you room to manipulate the panels for proper alignment. Once you get to the application, clean cutting and consistent squeegee strokes are key. In terms of longevity, proper prep is the most helpful.”
俄亥俄州艾弗里·丹尼森导师的区域技术专家瑞安艾伦解释说，当你在墙上安装胶片时，校准就是一切。“第一个面板需要完美、笔直，以便所有其他面板对齐。规划过程中包括熟练的数学技能，正确计算平方英尺将确保图形或设计的全面覆盖。你的嵌板必须与一个好的缝合线对齐，通常在半英寸左右。良好的重叠为您提供了操作面板的空间，以便正确对齐。一旦你到了应用程序，清洁切割和一致的刮刀手速控制是关键。考虑到使用的寿命因素，适当的作好提前的准备是很有帮助的。”
What some of wall prep basics?
准备墙的基础知识是什么？
Walton reports that low VOC paints, meaning paints with low surface energy, have flooded the market. “In laymen’s terms, it basically means you will have a tough time sticking graphics to walls that have these types paints on them. When working on a wall with low VOC paint, we recommend using the 3M Enhanced Cleaning Method. This process helps to build the adhesion levels so the graphic will stay on the wall better. The video walks you through the proper steps to ensure you have a successful installation. You can access this video, along with other product-related content, via 3M COSMO, a free app available on the app store, or on our 3M Graphics YouTube channel.”
沃尔顿报告说，低挥发性有机化合物涂料，也就是表面能低的涂料，已经充斥市场。“用外行的术语来说，这基本上意味着你将很难在墙上贴上这些类型的绘画。在使用低VOC油漆的墙壁上工作时，我们建议使用3M增强清洁方法。这一过程有助于建立粘合水平，使图形更好地留在墙上。视频引导您完成正确的步骤，以确保安装成功。您可以通过3M Cosmo（应用商店或我们的3M图形YouTube频道提供的免费应用程序）访问此视频以及其他与产品相关的内容。”
Allen says distilled water and a 70/30 mix of isopropyl alcohol are recommended for prep. “Once the entire wall is wiped down, take an extra piece of scrap vinyl and see how it adheres to the wall when applied. This adhesion test will show you how intensely you need to clean the wall. If the surface has been cleaned, but adhesion is poor, you may need to spray the wall to soak, dry and spray again, this time wiping the wall thoroughly. This sweating process helps remove toxins and inconsistencies in the wall that may cause failures.”
艾伦说，建议用蒸馏水和70/30的异丙醇混合液来做准备，“一旦把整面墙擦干净，再多拿一块废乙烯基，看看它在使用时是如何粘到墙上的。这个粘附力测试将告诉你清洁墙壁的强度。如果表面被清理，但附着力差，你可能需要喷洒墙壁浸泡，干燥和喷洒再次，这一次彻底擦拭墙壁。这一过程有助于清除可能导致粘贴时墙壁上的污垢和墙壁不一致。”
How do you choose the right film?
你如何选择合适的标识薄膜？
Daniel Valade, Product Manager, Color Products and Cutters at Roland DGA, Irvine, California, says when selecting the film to use for a specific job, be sure to evaluate the installation surface and take that into consideration before choosing the media. “You should also consider the type of adhesive used by the media manufacturer, as that will make a difference. In addition, it’s key to consult the media manufacturer’s guidelines regarding film and surface compatibility. You need to ensure that the media you select is appropriate for the job, and that it’s compatible with the ink set you’ll be using. Also, be sure to ‘pre-qualify’ the customer to determine whether he or she is looking for matte or gloss finish. It’s a good idea to have samples of each available to show the client before starting the job.”
加利福尼亚州欧文市罗兰DGA的产品经理丹尼尔·瓦拉德（Daniel Valade）说，在选择用于特定工作的胶片时，一定要评估安装表面，并在选择介质之前考虑到这一点。“您还应该考虑媒体制造商使用的粘合剂类型，因为这样做会有所不同。此外，资深媒体制造商关于薄膜和表面相容性的指南也很关键。您需要确保所选的媒体适合该作业，并且与要使用的墨迹兼容。另外，一定要对客户进行“资格预审”，以确定他或她是否在寻找哑光或光面。在开始工作之前，最好让每个人的样本展示给客户。”
Louie Calma, Technical Sales Specialists for Arlon Graphics, Placentia, California, points out that with film selection you have to ask the following questions: “Is it an indoor or outdoor project? For outdoor, what is the exposure to the elements? Is it for a smooth or textured surface? What are customer expectations on durability? Removability?”
加利福尼亚州Placentia Arlon图形技术销售专家Louie Calma指出，选择标识薄膜时，你必须问以下问题：“这是室内还是室外项目？对于室外，暴露在空气中的环境是什么？它是为了光滑的还是有纹理的表面？客户对耐久性的期望是什么？可移除性？”
“These are all very important things to consider when choosing a film. (The) best rule of thumb is calendered for smooth surfaces (2-D) and cast for textured (3-D) application. Calendared has a shorter lifespan and is subject to shrink up to 1/4 inch over the life of the film. Cast films have a much longer lifespan and shrink almost immeasurably over the life of the film. Adhesives paired to these films also vary depending on your needs as permanent and removable.”
“这些都是选择标识薄膜时需要考虑的重要因素。（最佳的经验法则是压延光滑表面（2-D）和铸造纹理（3-D）应用。日历的使用寿命较短，在胶卷的使用寿命内，它会缩水1/4英寸。标识薄膜的寿命要长得多，而且在标识薄膜的使用寿命中，其收缩程度几乎是不可估量的。与这些薄膜配套的粘合剂也会因您的永久性和可拆卸性的需要而有所不同。”
Walton says choosing the correct film depends on how long the customer wants the film to stay on. There are basically three types of films: changeable for short term (1-2 years); removable for long term (3-5 years) and permanent.
沃尔顿说，选择正确的影片取决于顾客希望薄膜的寿命持续多长时间。基本上有三种类型的胶片：短期可更换（1-2年）；长期可拆卸（3-5年）和永久性。
Allen notes that depending on what the customer wants, your film choice will change. “If they want a textured film, such as Avery Dennison MPI 2600, or a matte or gloss film, you will need to make a proper film selection. Also, a textured wall will require a film that can adhere to a textured surface, like MPI 1405. This film rolls out over brick, cinderblock and other tough materials.”
艾伦注意到，根据客户的需求，您的标识薄膜选择将发生变化。如果他们想要一个有纹理的标识薄膜，如Avery Dennison MPI 2600，或一个哑光或光泽度的标识薄膜，你需要做一个适当的标识薄膜选择。此外，有纹理的墙面需要一层可以附着在纹理表面的薄膜，比如MPI 1405。这部标识薄膜覆盖了砖块、煤渣和其他坚硬的材料。”
What are some of the best applications to start with?
哪些是最好的应用程序？
Matt Braswell, Technical Sales Specialists for Arlon Graphics, says for beginners, smooth interior wall application is the best place to start. “Start with smaller pieces (spot and partial wall decals) and work your way onto larger pieces (full wrap) as you grow in experience and confidence.” He notes to use painter’s tape for registration marks and hinging.
阿龙图形技术销售专家马特·布拉斯韦尔说，对于初学者来说，光滑的内墙应用程序是最好的开始。“从较小的部分（斑点和部分墙面贴花）开始，随着经验和信心的增长，你可以把自己的方式放在较大的部分（完全包裹）上。”他注意到使用油漆工的胶带做标记和铰链。
“With full walls, one needs to pay special attention to overlap, bleed and the key panel. Since the films today only have a maximum width of 60 inches, the graphic needs to be tiled vertically and overlaps set to 1/2 or 1 inch. Extra bleed on top and bottom of the graphic is necessary to compensate for walls, floors and ceilings that are out of square; longer spans can have larger variances to overcome. Due to these variables, if they cannot be foreseen, it is best to dry fit the first two or three panels by taping them up on the wall, making sure they are plumb, and make the necessary adjustments before proceeding with the application. Always evenly split the difference of the top and bottom bleed to make sure the graphic is vertically centered.”
“对于全墙，需要特别注意重叠、出血和关键面板。因为现在的胶片最大宽度只有60英寸，所以图形需要垂直平铺，重叠设置为1/2或1英寸。图形顶部和底部的额外出血对于补偿不规则的墙壁、地板和天花板是必要的；较长的跨度可以有较大的差异来克服。由于这些变量，如果无法预见，最好将前两个或三个面板用胶带粘在墙上，确保它们垂直，并在继续应用前进行必要的调整。始终均匀地分割上下出血的差异，以确保图形垂直居中。”
“For someone just starting out in the industry, walls, windows and floors would be the most simple installs, says Walton. “That being said, the introduction of low VOC paints has created some challenges with adhesion, so testing the walls and using a 3M Adhesion Test Kit is crucial for a successful installation, especially when you start getting into complex contours and deep recesses. It’s a great idea to get some training on how vinyl needs to be worked and what we call ‘reading the vinyl,’ as well as when to use heat and when not to.”
沃尔顿说：“对于刚开始涉足这个行业的人来说，墙壁、窗户和地板是最简单的安装方式。“也就是说，引入低VOC涂料对粘合造成了一些挑战，因此测试墙壁和使用3M粘合测试套件对成功安装至关重要，尤其是当您开始进入复杂轮廓和深凹处时。这是一个很好的主意，可以得到一些关于乙烯基需要如何工作的培训，我们称之为“阅读乙烯基”，以及何时使用热量和何时不使用。”
Calma adds that once smooth walls are mastered, textured walls are next.
卡尔玛补充说，一旦光滑的墙壁被掌握，纹理墙是下一个目标。
“The same approach applies when it comes to alignment and setup,” he says. “However, on a textured wall, it will be easier to remove larger portions of the liner due to the minimal points of contact. Instead of squeegeeing down with pressure, you’ll heat the film to zero tension and roll over with a foam roller to apply the film.”
“同样的方法也适用于校准和设置，”他说。然而，在有纹理的墙壁上，由于接触点最少，因此更容易移除衬里的较大部分。不是用压力刮掉，而是把胶片加热到零张力，然后用泡沫辊翻滚，涂膜。
Valade points out that interior wall wrap jobs are typically easier than external wall wrap assignments because the interior jobs rarely require lamination and are usually smaller and less labor intensive. “Interior wall wrap jobs also take place within indoor, controlled environments, so you won’t have to worry as much (about) the effects of the elements.”
Valade指出，内墙包裹作业通常比外墙包裹作业更容易完成，因为内墙包裹作业很少需要层压，而且通常较小且劳动强度较低。室内墙面包裹工作也在室内受控环境中进行，因此您不必太担心这些元素的影响。
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