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《亚洲标识》杂志

从五大方面看槽型发光字外壳的翻新

2017/10/12 12:08:33

摘要:

A channel letter’s face (acrylic) is a critical performance variable, and updating a face can need to occur for several reasons. This article reviews some of the potential situations that may prompt a sign owner to consider a face change, including acrylic fading, original color choice performance and letter illumination issues.


亚克力材料通常是槽型发光字外壳的主要材料,而外壳作为发光字的主要组成部分,经常会因为许多原因而进行更新。本文列举了一些更新发光字外壳的原因,包括亚克力材料褪色、原始颜色不匹配和发光字能见度等。


Fading


亚克力材料褪色


Front lit channel letter faces are constructed of colored acrylic. Just as with other letter components, acrylic varies in quality.
槽型发光字发光面的外壳是由彩色亚克力制作而成的,正如发光字其他的构成要素一样,外壳所使用的亚克力材质也不尽相同。


When the sign is mounted outdoors, face acrylic is exposed to several environmental challenges (such as temperature extremes, rain and ice) but one of the most important is sun exposure. Acrylic which receives extended direct sunlight has the possibility of color fade. Acrylic color fade is a serious issue that can impact a letter sign’s appearance and performance.


当标识安装在户外时,亚克力外壳就会面临诸如极端天气、下雨和冰雪等来自气候的挑战,但最主要的还是阳光直射对它的影响。亚克力材料长期接受阳光直射很容易出现褪色的问题,这是一个十分严重的问题,它会直接影响到发光字的外观和性能。


Some acrylics are more susceptible to color fade than others. High quality channel letters will be constructed with 3/16” colorfast acrylic. This acrylic density is designed to withstand the rigor of continuous outdoor use.


一些亚克力材料比其他的材料更容易褪色。高质量的槽型发光字是由3/16”不褪色的亚克力材料组装而成的。这种密度的亚克力材料是专门为承受这种户外天气的考验而设计的。


Lower density face acrylics are also specified for channel letter signs (typically 1/8”.) This product is less costly but may be more prone to color fade.


一些槽型发光字所使用的低密度(通常是1/8”)的亚克力材料,虽然成本较低但是非常容易褪色。


Fade can do more damage than negatively impact a sign’s appearance. It can also influence the reputation of a business. If a company is unconcerned about the appearance of their primary exterior sign, how confident can a consumer feel that they will receive good service from that company?


发光字外壳褪色所造成的损害不仅仅会对标识外观产生负面的影响,它还会影响一家公司的声誉。如果一家公司连他们的主要标识的外观都不关心,那么顾客又如何相信自己可以从这家公司得到优质的服务呢?


In summary, color fade is one potential reason for face replacement and it should be completed prior to the fade becoming obvious and unsightly.


总之,亚克力材料褪色是发光字外壳更换的原因之一,在外壳褪色变得明显和发光字变得难看之前,就应该进行更换。

Color Choice


颜色的选择


Another potential face change reason is a poor initial color choice. Some acrylic colors produce a much better performance (in terms of visibility and conspicuity) than others. This particularly applies to a channel letter sign’s night (illuminated) appearance.


发光字外壳需要更换的另一个原因可能是初期使用的颜色没有选择好。选择颜色合适的亚克力材料能使发光字更加醒目,这种发光字的外观会更加适合用于夜间照明。


For example, is your client considering a face color of dark blue? You may want to ask them to reconsider as that choice may necessitate a future face change. Dark blue can have challenges when utilized in a channel letter face.


例如,你的客户是不是经常考虑使用深蓝色的外壳?这时,你可以向他们提出建议,让他们重新考虑一下,因为深蓝色在实际生活的使用中并不实用。


Client requests for blue acrylic are understandable. Blue has many positive qualities as a marketing and branding color. For example, trust, honesty and loyalty are often associated with blue (“true blue”.)


不难理解客户在挑选亚克力材料时,为什么喜欢选择蓝色。通常,蓝色可以为市场营销和品牌色彩带来积极的影响,信任、诚实和忠诚常常就与蓝色联系在一起。


However, darker blue acrylic tends to absorb much of the letter illumination rather than emitting it. This can result in a sign that has far less night conspicuity than other acrylics.


然而,深蓝色的亚克力材料容易吸收发光字的大部分光照而不是帮助发光。到了晚上,你就会明显地发现,使用深蓝色亚克力材料的标识比使用其他颜色的标识更暗更不显眼。


In addition, the color blue tends to produce more of what is called “disability glare” than other colors. The human eye lens cannot focus sharply on blue because blue light focuses slightly in front of the retina, which may cause a distracting halo to appear around blue lighting. By comparison, both the colors red and green focus precisely on the retina.


另外,蓝色比其他颜色更容易产生“失能眩光”。人眼的晶状体并不能很好的聚焦在蓝色上,一般情况下蓝光会聚焦到视网膜略微前端的位置,因此这很容易导致蓝色光线周围出现分散的光晕。相比之下,红色和绿色都能很好地聚焦在视网膜上。


This problem also occurs because the blue light wavelength is among the shortest in the visible light spectrum. Because they have shorter light waves, blue light produces more visual flicker than longer, weaker light wavelengths (such as red or yellow.) Again, this flickering can create a glare (or halo) which may reduce the sign’s legibility.


并且蓝色不显眼的另一方面原因是蓝光在可见光光谱中的波长几乎是最短的。由于蓝光波长较短,蓝光会比长波长、弱光波长(如红色或黄色)的颜色产生更多的视觉闪烁。由于这种视觉闪烁会产生眩光(或光晕),因此也会弱化标识的易读性。


So the color blue must be used carefully with channel letter signage. If your client wants to avoid the potential problems with this color but still prefers a blue presence what are some potential solutions?


因此,槽型发光字在选择使用蓝色亚克力材料时一定要慎重。如果你的客户想避免这种颜色方面可能存在的问题,但又想继续使用蓝色,那我们应该怎么办呢?


One potential visibility solution is specifying white face acrylic instead, and then apply what is called a “reveal” blue vinyl configuration. This layout provides your client with their desired blue presence, but has a much higher degree of night legibility because of the white border that frames the blue on the letter face. The photos below show day and night ../images of a channel letter sign with a reveal configuration.


第一种解决方案是,用指定的白色外观亚克力材料来代替原有的蓝色外观亚克力材料,然后再和蓝色乙烯基材料进行相互搭配。这种布局方式既能够使你的客户选择想用的蓝色,也能够提高标识在夜间的发光度和易读性,因为白色的边框环绕着蓝色发光字的表面。下面的照片就展示了按照上述方法安装的槽型发光字标识在白天和夜间的发光效果。


Another option is to ask your client if they would consider a lighter shade of blue acrylic. A lighter shade may improve the night visibility.


另一种方法是询问你的客户是否考虑使用浅蓝色的亚克力材料。浅色也可以提高发光字在夜间的易读性。


Finally, perforated blue vinyl could be specified (using blue in “perf” would require digitally printing perforated film as a custom color.) That configuration would provide a blue day appearance but a white (and highly visible) night presence. Perforated vinyl is further discussed below.


最后,在蓝色乙烯基材料上进行穿孔操作是有规定的(使用蓝色材料进行穿孔操作,要求数码印刷的多孔膜是一个自定义的颜色),这样的搭配将在白天呈现出一个蓝色外表的发光字,而在晚上,发光字则是散发着高可见度的白光的。在后文我们将继续讨论穿孔乙烯基技术。


Two other colors which may have similar issues to dark blue are burgundy and dark green. If your customer specifies either of those face colors (whether for acrylic or applied vinyl), let them know that configuration could produce night visibility issues.


另外两种可能会出现与深蓝色问题类似的颜色是深紫红色和深绿色。如果你的客户指定了其中一种颜色(无论是亚克力还是应用乙烯基材料),你应该给你的客户提出建议,让他们知道这种配置在夜间可能会出现的问题。


Color Choice and Night Visibility


色彩选择与夜间能见度


Along the same lines, another potential re-facing reason is some colors simply outperform others for night visibility and legibility. For example, the color red can have an excellent night signage performance. If a company conducts a substantial amount of business after dark, a change to red faces may increase their sign performance.


同时,翻新发光字外观的第三个原因是一些颜色在夜间的可视性和易读性更加的优越。比如红色在标识夜间发光时就有着出色的表现。如果一家公司需要在夜间进行大量的业务工作,那么将标识外观改成红色会促使标识发光性能的提升。


One reason for red’s strong visibility is the structure of the cones in the human eye. Cones are photoreceptor cells, and they are more sensitive to colors with longer light wavelengths such as red.


红色之所以可以被人眼强烈地感知到的原因是,人眼的视锥细胞是感光细胞,它们对颜色波长较长的光更敏感,比如红色。

Cones (which detect color) lie roughly in the center of the pupil. Our cones perceive light from about 570nm to 700nm (nanometers), and provide us with our color vision. If the light drops below the cone minimum (570nm) we lose our color vision because our cones do not absorb light at these wavelengths.


人眼用于感知颜色的视锥细胞大致位于瞳孔中心,其感光范围大约为570nm——700nm,能够为我们提供彩色的视觉体验。如果光线波长低于视锥细胞感光范围的最小值(570nm),那我们就看不见这道光线了,因为这段光线的波长并不在我们的视锥细胞的感光范围之内。


This is why you can perceive objects and shapes in the dark but not their colors. And since there is a higher proportion of red-receptive cones in the eye, red is one of the first colors to become visible in the dark.


这就是为什么你能在黑暗中感知到物体地存在和形状而不能感知到它们的颜色。由于人眼的视锥细胞对于红色接受能力较强,所以红色是非常容易在黑暗中看到的颜色之一。


That is why companies who conduct much of their business at night (such as liquor stores, restaurants or bars) should consider re-facing to red acrylic on their channel letter signage.


这也是为什么很多喜欢在夜间经营的公司(比如酒类商店、餐馆或是酒吧)应该考虑翻新他们的发光字标识外观,给发光字换上红色的亚克力外壳。


Incidentally, this is why some cars have red-illuminated instrumentation gauges. Superior night visibility.


补充一句,大部分汽车的照明仪表盘也是红色的,原因就是红色在夜间能见度高。


New Vinyl Technology


新的乙烯基技术


Another potential re-facing reason is the development of perforated (or day/night) vinyl. This product has the capacity to change a letter set’s illuminated color appearance. This juxtaposition of color from day to night can be highly beneficial to a channel letter sign’s overall visibility and performance.


第四个需要考虑对发光字外壳进行翻新的原因是日/夜穿孔乙烯基技术的发展。这种产品可以改变发光字外观的照明颜色,这种白天到黑夜的不同颜色搭配对槽型发光字标识的整体可见度和性能是非常有益处的。


For example, a sign may receive a higher degree of daytime visibility with a dark letter face appearance (perhaps because the sign is mounted on a white building facade.) However, the night appearance would be substantially more prominent if the illuminated letters were white.


例如,一个安装在白色建筑物正面的暗色标识,它白天不发光的时候的可见度较高,到了晚上,当发光字呈现的照明颜色是白色时,那么它将相当的亮眼突出。


Day/Night vinyl can solve this visibility issue and result in a channel letter sign which has excellent conspicuity both day and night. This illumination technology is another viable reason for a customer to consider channel letter re-facing.


日/夜乙烯基材料可以解决发光字可视性的问题,这种槽型发光字标识在白天和夜晚都非常容易被看见,效果极其显著。这种照明技术是客户考虑翻新槽型发光字外壳的可行原因之一。

LED Issues


LED光源的问题


Illumination issues with channel letter LED can be another potential re-facing reason.
槽型发光字的LED照明问题可能是促使发光字翻新的第五个原因.


LED has two main potential issues. First, certain acrylic face colors will sometimes exhibit “hot spots” or tiger striping. Hot spots occur when one area of the letter face is conspicuously brighter than an adjacent area.


LED光源有两个主要的问题。首先,某些由亚克力材料制作的外壳表面会显现光斑或出现类似“老虎条纹”一样的斑纹。当发光字表面的某一区域比相邻区域亮得多时,就会出现这种光斑。


One potential “hot spot” and module visibility solution is to replace the current acrylic with a new face that includes diffuser film placed on the interior. That will address both the visible LED module issue and the hot spotting.


目前解决潜在光斑和内部模组外露的方法是为发光字替换一个新的亚克力外壳和新的内部薄膜,这将是一个两全其美的解决办法。


Conclusion


结论


Signage customers may wish to replace their existing channel letter faces for a number of reasons. They include acrylic fading, superior color options and new illumination technology. Visible LED modules and/or “hot spotting” are two additional issues that may require face replacement to be solved.


客户会因为各种原因而想去更换现有的槽型发光字外壳。这些原因包括亚克力外壳褪色、更好的发光颜色选择和新型的照明技术。而LED模组的外露和光斑问题可能就是另外两个需要解决的问题了。


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